Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies associated with characteristic structural changes at the optic nerve head that may lead to visual field loss and, ultimately, blindness.
The two most common forms of glaucoma are primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). When POAG and PACG are left untreated, the typical disease course is chronic, progressive, and irreversible visual field loss, which may progress to tunnel vision and, ultimately, loss of central vision.
Many patients with glaucoma remain asymptomatic, even as the disease advances, because progressive visual field loss is peripheral and typically asymmetric, which allows for compensation from the overlapping, less-affected visual field of the other eye. As a result, POAG is often found inci-dentally on ocular examination.
Although the prevalence of glaucoma increases with age, most patients with undetected glaucoma are younger than 60 years, which represents an opportunity to diagnose the disease earlier.
1. Primary Glaucoma - Primary open angle and Primary angle closure 2. Secondary Glaucoma - open angle and angle closure 3. Congenital Glaucoma - Congenital, Infantile, Juvenile 4. Normal tension Glaucoma 5. Secondary Glaucoma
1. Age
2. Family History
3. Diabetes
4. Heart Conditions
5. Sickle Cell Anamia
6. High Blood Pressure.
1.Loss of Vision
2.Blurry Vision
3.Persistent Headache
4.Eye Redness
5.Stomach Upset, Nausea and Vomiting
6.Pain in the Eye
7.Early Presbyopia
1. Genetic Reasons
2. Birth Defects
3. Blunt or Chemical Injury
4. Acute Eye Infection
5. Inflammatory Conditions
6. In rare cases, Previous Eye Surgeries
1. Tonometry
2. Dilated Eye Examination
3. Perimetry - Visual Field Testing
4. Pachymetry
5. Gonioscopy
1. Eye Drops
2. Oral Medications
3. Surgery and other Therapies
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